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Indications and Dosage
Oral
Dementia, Peripheral vascular disease, Tinnitus Adult: 120-240 mg daily given in 1-2 divided doses. Dosage and treatment guideline recommendations may vary among individual products or between countries. Refer to detailed product and local treatment guidelines..
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Administration
Should be taken with food. Take just before meals.
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Contraindications
Hypersensitivity.
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Special Precautions
Patient with epilepsy, coagulopathy or those receiving anticoagulant therapy. Patients undergoing surgery. Pregnancy and lactation.
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Adverse Reactions
Significant: Seizures (particularly in epileptic patients).
Cardiac disorders: Palpitation. Gastrointestinal disorders: Mild gastrointestinal effects. Nervous system disorders: Headache, dizziness. Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Allergic skin reactions (e.g. redness, swelling, itching). Vascular disorders: Bleeding from single organs. |
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Drug Interactions
May increase the risk of bleeding with anticoagulants (e.g. warfarin) or antiplatelet agents (e.g. aspirin, clopidogrel). May reduce the plasma concentrations of efavirenz.
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Action
Description: Ginkgo biloba extract is derived from ginkgo leaves which contains the main medicinal constituents, including flavonoids (e.g. quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin) and terpene trilactones (e.g. ginkgolides, bilobalides). Flavonoids act as scavengers of free radicals, while terpenes serve as inhibitors of platelet-activating factors. It improves blood flow by enhancing the elasticity of RBCs and blood vessels. Ginkgo biloba extracts are used for homoeopathy and may be considered as dietary supplements in some countries. According to studies, Ginkgo biloba extracts lacked consistent evidence to have clinically significant benefits; its safety and efficacy have not been fully established.
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Storage
Store below 30°C.
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MIMS Class
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References
Anon. Ginkgo Biloba. Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 02/11/2021. Buckingham R (ed). Ginkgo Biloba. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 02/11/2021. Ginkgo Biloba Pellet (Washington Homeopathic Products). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 02/11/2021. Ginkgo, Ginkgo Biloba. Gold Standard Drug Database in ClinicalKey [online]. Elsevier Inc. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed 02/11/2021. Puncto Ginkgo Oral Drops Solution (Plantaphile Ltd.). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 02/11/2021. Puncto Ginkgo Tablets (Plantaphile Ltd.). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 02/11/2021. Tebonin Forte (A. Menarini Philippines, Inc.). MIMS Philippines. http://www.mims.com/philippines. Accessed 02/11/2021. Tebonin Forte 120 mg (A. Menarini [Thailand] Limited). MIMS Thailand. http://www.mims.com/thailand. Accessed 02/11/2021. Tebonin Forte 120 mg (Schwabe Pharma Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd.). MIMS Singapore. http://www.mims.com/singapore. Accessed 02/11/2021.
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